Disease

CATARACT

Cataract is the development of haziness in the vision either partial or complete which gradually increases over time. Cataract affects the lens of the eye and prevents light from penetrating hence obstructing vision. Causes: Aging Diabetes and hypertension of long duration Ultraviolet light e.g.: pilots are more prone to the disease as they fly at high altitudes continuously Infra-red radiation e.g: glassblowers are exposed to infra-red radiation by virtue of their occupation Trauma to the eye Symptoms: Loss of clear vision and haloes around street lights at [...]

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CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROM

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a common condition which causes pain and weakness in the muscles of the hand. There is a small tunnel-shaped structure in our wrist joint which houses a nerve called the median nerve. This particular nerve is very important for functions and sensations of the muscles of the palm. Any increase in the contents of the carpal tunnel or decrease in the size of the tunnel itself can compress the nerve as it passes through the tunnel [...]

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CARBUNCLE

Introduction: A carbuncle is a skin infection presenting with multiple boils on the skin. It can occur anywhere in the body caused due to bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus. Carbuncles are commonly seen around the nape of the neck and the back. It presents with painful boils discharging pus and necrotic (dead cells) material involving the skin and deeper tissue. The infection is contagious and may spread to other areas of the body or other people. Incidence: Most patients are adults with poorly controlled diabetes. It [...]

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WRITER’S CRAMP/ DYSTONIA)

Chronic sustained pain or sudden painful contraction (cramp/spasm) of certain muscles of the hand and/or fingers are known as Writer’s cramp. The patient experiences uncontrolled, tiresome or tedious muscular contraction causes altered movements and abnormal position or attitudes of hands and fingers in In Writer’s cramp. This disease generally affects one body part. It generally affects people between the ages of 30 to 50 years, but it can affects at any age group, both men and women are equally. Causes of Writer’s [...]

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CANDIDIASIS

Candidiasis or Candidosis OR Thrush is a yeast infection caused by any Candida species. Candida albicans is the most common agent causing infections in humans. The infection is commonly called ‘thrush’ or ‘moniliasis’. Candida occurs freely everywhere and their infections can affect the body in many ways. From small localized areas of infection in some or fast-spreading multi-system infections in others, Candidal infections can be superficial or life-threatening. Who gets Candidal infections? Candida is normally present in most people. The organism is a commensal i.e. [...]

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CANCER

What happens to the body in Cancer? The abnormal (cancerous) cells divide uncontrollably in the body and have the ability to break into (infiltrate) and destroy the normal body tissue. These abnormal cells can then start spreading throughout the body (metastasis) at a later stage. The problem occurs because the normal body tissues cannot get enough resources to survive due to the consumption of these resources by the cancerous cells. What causes Cancer? Cancer is triggered by ‘mutation’ in the DNA of the [...]

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CALCANEAL SPUR

Patients complaining pain in one of the heels or back of the foot often return from the doctor’s office with a diagnosis of the Calcaneal spur. The technical name for heel bone is Calcaneus, which is one of the foot bones. Spur means a bony projection. (Spur has different meanings.) When there is a bony projection of the heel bone (Calcaneal spur), the patient will face difficulty with movements. This disease is more frequently observed in females. Symptoms: The symptoms arise due to [...]

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BACKACHE (LUMBAGO)

Pain in the back anywhere below the ribs and up to the hips is called low back pain. It is a condition that affects over 90% of the population at one time or the other. Next to common cold, it remains the most common reason why people seek medical help. Many people who experience low back pain do not meet up with a doctor since it usually resolves on its own. They may suffer from any dull aches to sharp [...]

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AUTISM

Definition: Autism is a complex neurological disorder detected in children in their initial three years of life, which is the result of the impaired functioning of the brain, expressing itself in the form of the inability for social and communication skills, impaired intellectual faculty and hence affecting the developmental of the child. The exact cause of autism is not yet fully understood. Estimated 1.5 million American children and adults, over 1.7 million children in India and about 0.2% of the world [...]

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ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Atherosclerosis is a condition in which there is a deposition of fat on the inner lining of arteries. Arteries are blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to other parts of the body. Advanced atherosclerosis leads to build up of cholesterol and calcium on the fatty layer. This leads to hardening of the artery and narrowing of the arterial diameter leading to the decreased blood supply to the organ that the artery is supplying. Causes: It can be classified into modifiable [...]

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