Disease

CYSTITIS

Introduction Cystitis is a common condition found more commonly in females. It is a condition where there is an inflammation of the urinary bladder, frequently caused by an infection by bacteria that have gained access to the bladder. Affects women at least once in her lifetime. Many patients have a tendency to get repeated attacks of cystitis. Causes of cystitis Cystitis is more commonly found in 50% of women because a woman’s urethra is shorter than a man’s urethra, making it easier [...]

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CROHNS DISEASE

Crohn’s disease is included in a group of disorders termed as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). The other disease included in this group is Ulcerative Colitis. IBD occurs when the immune system contributes to damage to the gastrointestinal (digestive) tract by causing inflammation. Crohn’s disease causes inflammation, deep ulcers and scarring in any portion of the digestive tract from mouth to anus; however, it is most commonly seen in the last part of the small intestine called the terminal ileum [...]

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CORNS (CALLOSITIES)

Callosities also known as clavus or corns, are toughened areas in the skin, as a result of repeated pressure or repeated contact with rough surfaces. They are most common on the hands and feet but appear localized to the area that bears repeated pressure or abrasion. Cause of Callosities (Corns): Corns and calluses arise from hyperkeratosis, a normal physiological response to chronic excessive pressure or friction on the skin. The outermost layer of skin called the stratum corneum is maintained as a [...]

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CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE( COPD)

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary (lung) Disease) is a common form of chronic lung disease found all over the world. It is an abbreviation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder. Pulmonary refer to lungs. It includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Bronchitis is discussed separately. Here we will focus on Emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic progressive disease of the lung. It is caused by the destruction of tissue surrounding air sacs (alveoli) in lungs. Due to this, alveoli cannot retain air inside them [...]

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CONSTIPATION

People mean many things when they say they have constipation. The infrequent passing of stools, difficulties in voiding, sense of incomplete voiding are all suggestive of constipation. The normal reference range for bowel movements is very varied. Some people have bowel movements three times a day; others, only one or two times a week. Medically, constipation is defined as fewer than three bowel movements in a week. Constipation may be considered severe when there is less than one bowel movement [...]

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CONJUCTIVITIS

Definition: Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or swelling of the conjunctiva, which is an outermost covering of the eye and the inner eyelids. Most common causes of conjunctivitis include infections and allergies. Conjunctivitis can be acute (of short duration), chronic (long-lasting) or be recurring in nature. Conjunctivitis is probably the most common disorder of the eyes. Symptoms: Redness Irritation Watering Thick, stringy discharge which may be yellowish or greenish in color Eye pain Swelling of the eye Sensation of particle in the eye Aversion to light Sneezing and runny nose in [...]

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COELIAC DISEASE

Coeliac Disease (or celiac) disease is a disease of small intestines. This is a disease of the immune system that affects the absorption of essential nutrients from the small intestines. The small intestines abnormally react to gluten (a certain type of proteins) and produce the symptoms. Gluten is a protein that may potentially lead to problems such as Coeliac disease, dermatitis, autism, IBS, eczema, etc. It is a disorder of small intestine in which a person has an immune reaction to [...]

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CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROM

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) generally refers to a disorder in which there is severe and persistent tiredness, which is not relieved by rest. As the name suggests, it is a state of chronic fatigue that exists without any cause for more than six months and is accompanied by difficulties in short-term memory and/or concentration. Chronic fatigue syndrome affects approximately ten people among thousands of people. This condition occurs most commonly in young to middle-aged adults. It occurs more commonly in females than in [...]

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CRACKED LIPS( CHAPPED LIPS)

Cheilitis is a medical name for inflamed lips. It is also referred as chapped lips, where the lips that appear dry, scaly, inflames, and with cracks. The inflammation could be mild to severe. The condition is painful. If the cracks are deep, the lips could bleed. Chapped lips may be seen in people of all ages. Causes: Cheilitis is often observed with a change of weather from warm to cold. Some drugs are known to induce Cheilitis, which are listed here: Retinoids (isotretinoin [...]

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CELLULITIS

Introduction: Cellulitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the connective tissue of the skin, caused by infection with a type of bacteria (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus or other bacteria). Cellulitis frequently occurs on exposed areas of the body such as the arms, legs, and face. It is characterized by redness, swelling, warmth and pain or tenderness. The swelling can spread rapidly. Causes: Cellulitis occurs when the bacteria enter through a break in the skin. This break need not be visible to the naked eyes. Group [...]

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